Morality, Law, and Practical Reason
Citation:
Fernando, Enrique Benjamin III. (2021) “Morality, Law, and Practical Reason.” Philosophia: International Journal of Philosophy. Vol. 22, No. 2 (Jun., 2021) pp. 186-204.
Abstract:
Morality is a normative system of guidance that figures into practical reason by telling people what to do in various situations. The problem, however, is that morality has inherent gaps that often render it inefficacious. First, it may be indeterminate due to the high level of generality in which its principles are formulated. Second, moral terms such as ‘good’ and ‘right’ may be so vague that they fail to specify the requisite behavior. And third, its subjective aspect, which is a product of personal experience, generates moral disagreement and thereby creates coordination problems that frustrate society’s collective moral aims.
The objective of this article is to advance the thesis that morality must sometimes depend on law as a supplementary source of practical reason, a dependence which can be explained in terms of three essential features of law: its institutional character, its claim to authority, and its status as a second-order exclusionary reason for action. It shall then be explained how these three features enable law to make difficult decisions on behalf of individuals, define objective standards of conduct, and solve coordination problems, respectively, and in doing so, manage to fill in the gaps of morality mentioned above. Hence, it will be argued that law is also a normative system that helps people achieve their moral aims, notwithstanding the fact that it guides human behavior through a different logic and mode of operation from those of morality.
Link:
https://ejournals.ph/article.php?id=16611
Layered Frameworks: Thoughts on Japanese-ness and the Cosmopolitanism of Haruki Murakami
Citation:
K.C. Abalos-Orendain. 2022. ““Layered Frameworks: Thoughts on Japanese-ness and the Cosmopolitanism of Haruki Murakami”.” In Statu Nascendi: Journal of Political Philosophy and International Relations (Special Issue: The Work of Haruki Murakami), 5, 1, Pp. 194-202.
Abstract:
This work joins the discourse on whether or not Murakami is a “pure” Japanese writer. However, it attempts to analyze the problem using a philosophical lens instead of a literary one. Using the concept of basso ostinato as articulated by Maruyama Masao and further emphasized by the thoughts of Kato Shuichi, this article attempts to pose a new way of looking at this question.
Keywords:
Haruki Murakami, cosmopolitanism, basso ostinato, Maruyama Masao, Kato Shuichi
Link:
Maruyama Masao in the Philippine context: Subjectivity as a key concept in processing World War II
Citation:
Karen Connie M. Abalos-Orendain. 12/30/2021. “Maruyama Masao in the Philippine context: Subjectivity as a key concept in processing World War II.” Social Science Diliman, 17, 2, Pp. 89-109.
Abstract:
In everyday discourses concerning Japanese philosophy, its political aspects are rarely brought to light. It is usually the aesthetic and ethical philosophical traditions that are discussed, especially by Western academics. This may be the reason why a more thorough discussion of Japanese thought and behavior during World War II is seemingly inadequate despite the number of philosophers who already study it. In countries such as the Philippines, China, or Korea where the Japanese occupation remains a politically charged subject, an analysis of Japanese philosophy may provide a more robust understanding of the war experience. In this regard, the philosophical approach and political thought of Maruyama Masao remain relevant. In this paper, I discuss the two distinct ways in which his philosophy may prove essential in contextualizing Japanese philosophy in relation to the war and beyond it, that is, as a critical assessor of his country’s past and as a political realist with a cosmopolitan approach. These two ways are grounded in his discussion of autonomous subjectivity.
Keywords:
Maruyama Masao, World War II, political philosophy, Japanese philosophy
Link:
A Gendered Analysis of Habermas and the Underrepresented Narratives of Domestic Migrant Claims
Citation:
PhD K.C. Abalos-Orendain. 12/1/2021. “A Gendered Analysis of Habermas and the Underrepresented Narratives of Domestic Migrant Claims.” CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY VOL. 7, 2021: SELECTED PAPERS FROM THE 2020 CSSPE/SCEEA (CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF PRACTICAL ETHICS/SOCIÉTÉ CANADIENNE POUR L’ÉTUDE DE L’ÉTHIQUE APPLIQUÉE) CONFERENCE, 7.
Abstract:
This paper explores the limitations and possibilities of Habermas’ critical social theory and discourse ethics by utilizing the analyses of two of his former students, Nancy Fraser and Seyla Benhabib. Fraser shows us the limitations of Habermas’ position because it fails to take into consideration the female perspective and contribution to the labor force. This raises the question of migration within the gender framework. On the other hand, Benhabib argues for the potential of Habermas’ philosophy by reminding us of its universalist stance.
Key Words:
communicative action, critical social theory, domestic helpers, Habermas, migration
Link:
https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&context=csspe
BAKUNANAYS guidelines for communicating COVID-19 vaccination information to pregnant women in the Philippines and other developing countries
Citation:
Cagayan, Maria Stephanie Fay et al. (2022) “BAKUNANAYS guidelines for communicating COVID-19 vaccination information to pregnant women in the Philippines and other developing countries.” Perspectives. Vol. 7 (Sep.)
Abstract:
COVID-19 remains a pressing global health disaster, and pregnant women and their unborn child/ren continue to be extremely at risk. In the Philippines, a developing country in Southeast Asia, pregnant women were generally excluded from initial vaccination drives to avoid adverse effects in their offspring, amidst findings from animal studies and post-trial monitoring on the vaccines’ safety. In August 2021, the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society (POGS) and the Department of Health (DOH) released guidelines for the vaccination of pregnant women due to the eventual increase in their mortality during outbreaks of the Delta variant. This perspective presents various forms of scientific communication on COVID-19 vaccination to Filipino pregnant women and forwards recommendations to improve communication in various settings. First, we present three modalities on how information on COVID-19 vaccination is disseminated to pregnant women in the Philippines and discuss their potential impacts on knowledge promotion and actual vaccination uptake, taking into account the Filipino cultural value of “pakikipagkapwa”. These include government and doctor-led initiatives, social media posts and comments, and experiences of one of the authors in vaccination drives in rural and remote communities. Findings are used to develop the BAKUNANAYS guidelines, comprised of 10 recommendations for healthcare workers, health agencies, and doctors vaccinating pregnant women in the Philippines and other developing countries, especially those with a similar socio-economic profile and cultural values.
Link:
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomm.2022.916468/full
Sustainable COVID-19 Response Measures: An Ethical Imperative for Enhancing Core Human Capabilities.
Citation:
De Castro, Leonardo and Jeanette Yasol-Naval. (2021) “Sustainable COVID-19 Response Measures: An Ethical Imperative for Enhancing Core Human Capabilities.” Medicine and Ethics in Times of Corona. Eds. Martin Woesler and Hans-Martin Sass. pp. 283-300.
Programang Pananaliksik Tungo sa Multikultural at Katutubong Edukasyon
Citation:
Payongayong, Ma. Theresa T. (2020) “Programang Pananaliksik Tungo sa Multikultural at Katutubong Edukasyon.” Talas: Interdisiplinaryong Journal sa Edukasyong Pangkultura. Tomo 5. pp. 14-20.
Abstract:
Sa bisa ng isang Memorandum of Agreement sa pagitan ng Unibersidad ng Pilipinas Diliman (UPD) at Notre Dame University (NDU) sa Lungsod ng Cotabato, nailunsad ang programang pananaliksik tungo sa multikultural at katutubong edukasyon. Mandato ng UP bilang pambansang unibersidad ang palawigin ang gradwadong pag-aaral at pagpapakadalubhasa para sa mga iskolar, siyentista, manunulat,artista, at propesyonal, lalo’t higit sa mga nagsisilbing guro sa mga kolehiyo at unibersidad ng estado at pribadong sektor. Nais naman ng NDU na makamit ang kalidad na edukasyon sa pamamagitan ng pagpapasigla ng kultura ng pananaliksik sa kanilang unibersidad. Dito nagtagpo ang UPD at NDU. Sa paglulunsad ng programang pananaliksik tungo sa multikultural at katutubong edukasyon sa pagitan ng UPD at NDU, nilayong makapagsanay, makapagturo, at makapaggabay ang mga guro mula sa UPD sa mga guro at manggagawa mula sa komunidad tungo sa harayang makapagsulat at makapaglathala ang mismong mga taga-Mindanao tungkol sa sariling kultura, gawi, at tradisyon. Tatlong dahilan ang nagbunsod sa pagtanggap ng UPD sa hamong makapagbuo ng programa para sa NDU. Pangunahin dito ang tungkulin ng mga guro ng UPD sa gawaing ekstensiyon. Nais din ng mga guro mula sa UPD na matuto sa karanasan ng pagpunta sa Lungsod ng Cotabato at pakikipag-ugnayan sa mga guro ng NDU. Panghuli ay ang kasalatan ng literatura sa lathalaing sinulat mismo ng mga taga-Mindanao. Tinanggap ng UPD at NDU ang hamon ng programa at pormal na nasimulan ang mga gawain noong unang isang-kapat ng 2017.
Ilan sa mga gawaing nailunsad ang writeshop, research fellowship, pagsusulat ng research proposals, pananaliksik, mentoring, at paglalathala. Mahalagang paunang gawain bago ang paglulunsad ng mga nabanggit ang paggalugad sa research agenda ng NDU at pagtukoy sa research interests ng kaguruan at komunidad. Bagaman at maigting ang pagnanais na makapaglathala bilang panghuling gawain, hindi rito nagtatapos ang programa. Tinatanaw rin ang mga posibilidad na magkaroon ng Graduate Level Offshore Programs ang UPD sa NDU at/o makapagtayo ng isang Philippine Studies Research Center sa NDU kalaunan.
Key Words:
pananaliksik, multikultural, katutubo, edukasyon
Link:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uJi-EFvjQ65fdQhNtYhIDRNpfILPC7XB/view
Reflexive-Liberative Filipino Feminist Ethics
Citation:
Payongayong, Ma. Theresa. (2020) “Reflexive-Liberative Filipino Feminist Ethics.” Kritike. Vol. 14, No. 1. (Jun.) pp. 64-97.
Abstract:
Filipino feminists have been known to give value to familial relationships, cultural heritage, and religion that are largely influenced by patriarchy. How one aspect (women’s emancipation and fight against patriarchal culture) affects the other (women’s valuation of family, culture, and religion) in one line of struggle is an important topic to explore, since varied experiences show how some feminists struggle with application of feminist principles to their everyday lives and to women’s movement at the same time.Some have had difficulties resolving conflicts between their feminism and social expectations. Others have made equally difficult choices in pursuing and maintaining their intimate relationships. To understand how they deal with these struggles amidst active participation in the women’s movement, this paper looks into the emerging feminist ethics among Filipino feminists. The findings identify ethical issues in Filipino feminists’ lives and how they address these issues. A reflexive– liberative feminist ethics emerge from the findings. This type of feminist ethics emphasizes choice, and when applied to the women’s movement, could lead to a more caring and just society.
Key Words:
feminism, ethics, reflexive, liberative
Link:
https://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_26/payongayong_june2020.pdf
Creative conceptions of citizenship: a cosmopolitan account from the perspective of migrants
Citation:
Karen Connie M. Abalos-Orendain. 12/2020. “Creative conceptions of citizenship: a cosmopolitan account from the perspective of migrants.” Creativity Journal, 3, 2, Pp. 113-135.
Abstract:
In this paper, we draw the profile of a citizen who possesses both a pragmatic spirit and a cosmopolitan élan; a citizen who – following the modern notions of a moral and political agent – is a rational and autonomous individual. This citizen is an immigrant. We start by showing that the immigrant, whether driven to move by economic or political need, is potentially an engaged and active citizen. Drawing upon John Rawls’ individualist notion of the self as well as upon the Communitarian concept of the individual, this paper presents the contemporary philosophical notions of who an ideal citizen is in this global or cosmopolitan era. With the help of Seyla Benhabib’s position on immigration and her analysis of the scarf affair in France, we argue for the political potential of immigrants and how this potential enriches our notion of citizenship. We contend that a more cosmopolitan approach leads to a creative and more flexible notion of citizenship.
Key words:
citizenship; migration; immigration; political agency; democracy; cosmopolitanism
Link: